Aviation Thrust

Aerodrome and Runway Markings Featured Image

in Pilot Notes on March 25, 2022 by John

ICAO recommended Airport Signs, Runway and Taxiway Markings

ICAO shares Standards and Recommended Practices(SARPs) for airport signs, runway and taxiway markings, mandatory instruction signs, information signs, mandatory instruction markings, runway holding position markings, etc. via Annex 14, Aerodromes. MANDATORY INSTRUCTION SIGNS A mandatory instruction sign indicates a location beyond which an airplane may not proceed unless authorized by air traffic control. At uncontrolled…

in Meteorology on March 25, 2022 by John

ENSO, Southern Oscillation, El Nino and La Nina Explained

El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate phenomenon that occurs every two to seven years. Sir Gilbert Walker discovered “the Southern Oscillation” or large-scale changes in sea level pressure from Indonesia and the tropical Pacific Ocean. He didn’t realize that it was related to changes in the Pacific Ocean or El Niño.…

Alpha-Floor-and-High-Angle-of-Attack-Protection

in Airbus A320 on October 1, 2021 by John

Alpha Floor Protection and High Angle of Attack Protection

This content has been published after getting repeated queries via site’s contact us page and our A320 technical forum’s topics. To most, in fact all, of the senior Airbus pilots both these terms must be clear but some new ones face challenges in relating both. Before writing subjective explanation following are main points to understand…

in Airbus A320 on September 18, 2021 by John

Oxygen System [Question Bank Airbus A320]

1. What type of Oxygen system is present in Airbus A320 Aircraft? A320 Oxygen System consists of: Cockpit Fixed Oxygen System Cabin Fixed Oxygen System Portable Oxygen System This is diluter demand type system where compressed oxygen is stored in cylinder/s. Oxygen flow can be controlled as per crew requirements. Pressure of oxygen cylinder/s is…

in Airbus A320 on September 18, 2021 by John

Ice and Rain Protection System [Question Bank Airbus A320]

1. How is Airbus A320 aircraft protected against icing? Hot air or electrical heating protects the critical areas of aircraft. Hot Air Electrical Heating three outboard leading-edge slats of each wing engine air intakes flight compartment windows sensors, pilot probes and static ports waste water drain mast 2. How is windshield protected against icing? Windshield…

in Pilot Notes on September 18, 2021 by John

TOD, TOR and ASD – Post Amendment 42 (TODR, TORR and ASDR)

With respect to performance, different aircrafts are certified at different times and comply with different certification rules. Three major certifications rules were defined as: FAR Part 25 – no consideration for reaction time of pilot Amendment to FAR Part 25 known as Amendment 25-42 – over consideration of reaction time Post Amendment 42 – current…

in Pilot Notes on September 18, 2021 by John

Vs1g, Vs and Vsr Speeds Explained!

Vs1g and Vs are two speeds majorly abbreviated for stalling conditions. Vs1g -corresponds to maximum lift coefficient i.e. Clmax. Clmax is the condition when angle of attack is maximum and load factor is equal to one. Vs -corresponds to conventional stall condition. This is the time when lift suddenly collapses and load factor is less…

in Pilot Notes on September 18, 2021 by John

Limitation Codes – on RTOW Charts by OCTOPUS

Over the past decades, the global aviation industry has experienced a precarious balance between revenues and costs. Besides, the modern economy is living through an economic recession and so oil prices are now higher than they’ve ever been. Therefore, all over Globe, airlines need to adapt to the competitive world of commercial air travel. Optimization…

in Pilot Notes on September 18, 2021 by John

Vmcg, Vmca and Vmcl Speeds Explained!

Vmcg, Vmca and Vmcl primarily stands for minimum control speed on ground, air and in approach and landing. Vmcg Vmcg is the calibrated airspeed during the take-off run at which if critical engine fails, it is possible to maintain control of aeroplane with use of primary aerodynamic controls alone (rudder) to enable safe takeoff. In…

in Pilot Notes on September 18, 2021 by John

Clearway, Stopway, TORA, TODA, ASDA, LDA| Declared Runway Distances

Following are the available take-off lengths declared by appropriate authorities and ICAO for for different airfields. Knowledge on these terms is important for performance calculations. Clearway, Stopway, TORA, TODA, ASDA & LDA CLEARWAY Clearway is the area beyond the runway not less than 152m wide centrally located about the extended centerline of the runway and under the…